ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between different dimensions of infectious disease-specific health literacy scale in China.Methods Structural equation model (SEM) was employed to assess the psychometric properties of the infectious disease-specific health literacy scale.Based on the database from a randomly selected sample of 4 499 adult residents in three provinces in China,from March to May 2015.AMOS 21.0 software was used to build the SEM for data analyses.Results SEM analyses showed a good model fit of data,with the following satisfied parameters:goodness-of-fit index was 0.969,adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.962,root mean square residual was 0.038,root mean square error of approximation was 0.038,standardized root mean square residual was 0.032,Tacker-Lewis index/non-normed fit index was 0.926,comparative fit index was 0.934,normed fit index was 0.925,relative fit index was 0.915,incremental fit index was 0.934,parsimony goodness-of-fit index was 0.782,parsimony-adjusted normed fit index was 0.817,parsimony-adjusted comparative fit index was 0.825 and critical N was 702.The established SEM showed that the total influence path coefficient of "infectious disease-related knowledge and values" on the "infectious disease prevention","management or treatment of infectious diseases" and "identification of infection sources" were 0.771,0.744 and 0.843,respectively.The total influence path coefficients of "identification of infection sources","infectious disease prevention" on "management or treatment of infectious diseases" were 0.164 and 0.535,respectively.The effect of "infectious disease-related knowledge and values" on "management or treatment of infectious diseases" appeared the greatest (55.4％),followed by "infectious disease prevention" (28.6％) and "identification of infection sources" (2.7％).Conclusion This SEM could be optimistically used for planning and evaluation of health education and promotion programs on infectious diseases prevention.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between different dimensions of infectious disease-specific health literacy scale in China.Methods Structural equation model (SEM) was employed to assess the psychometric properties of the infectious disease-specific health literacy scale.Based on the database from a randomly selected sample of 4 499 adult residents in three provinces in China,from March to May 2015.AMOS 21.0 software was used to build the SEM for data analyses.Results SEM analyses showed a good model fit of data,with the following satisfied parameters:goodness-of-fit index was 0.969,adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.962,root mean square residual was 0.038,root mean square error of approximation was 0.038,standardized root mean square residual was 0.032,Tacker-Lewis index/non-normed fit index was 0.926,comparative fit index was 0.934,normed fit index was 0.925,relative fit index was 0.915,incremental fit index was 0.934,parsimony goodness-of-fit index was 0.782,parsimony-adjusted normed fit index was 0.817,parsimony-adjusted comparative fit index was 0.825 and critical N was 702.The established SEM showed that the total influence path coefficient of "infectious disease-related knowledge and values" on the "infectious disease prevention","management or treatment of infectious diseases" and "identification of infection sources" were 0.771,0.744 and 0.843,respectively.The total influence path coefficients of "identification of infection sources","infectious disease prevention" on "management or treatment of infectious diseases" were 0.164 and 0.535,respectively.The effect of "infectious disease-related knowledge and values" on "management or treatment of infectious diseases" appeared the greatest (55.4％),followed by "infectious disease prevention" (28.6％) and "identification of infection sources" (2.7％).Conclusion This SEM could be optimistically used for planning and evaluation of health education and promotion programs on infectious diseases prevention.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of mild hypothermia on myocardial β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signal pathway after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pigs with cardiac arrest (CA) and explore the mechanism of myocardial protection. Methods Healthy male Landraces were collected for reproducing the CA-CPR model (after 8-minute untreated ventricular fibrillation, CPR was implemented). The animals were divided into two groups according to random number table (n = 8). In the mild hypothermia group, the blood temperature of the animals was induced to 33 ℃ and maintained for 6 hours within 20 minutes after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) by using a hypothermia therapeutic apparatus. In the control group, the body temperature of the animals was maintained at (38.0±0.5)℃ with cold and warm blankets. The heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), the maximum rate of increase or decrease in left rentricular pressure (+dp/dt max)were measured during the course of the experiment. The cardiac output (CO) was measured by heat dilution methods before CA (baseline), and 0.5, 1, 3, 6 hours after ROSC respectively, the venous blood was collected to detect the concentration of cTnI. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured with cardiac ultrasound before CA and 6 hours after ROSC. Animals were sacrificed at 6 hours after ROSC and the myocardial tissue was harvested quickly, the mRNA expression of β1-AR in myocardium was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the contents of adenylate cyclase (AC) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the protein content of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) was detected by Western Blot. Results After successful resuscitation, the HR of both groups were significantly higher than the baseline values, CO, ±dp/dt max were significantly decreased, MAP were not significantly changed, serum cTnI levels were significantly increased. Compared with the control group, HR at 0.5, 1, 3 hours after ROSC were significantly decreased in mild hypothermia group (bpm: 142.80±12.83 vs. 176.88±15.14, 115.80±11.48 vs. 147.88±18.53, 112.60±7.40 vs. 138.50±12.02, all 1 < 0.01), CO was significantly increased at 1 hours and 3 hours after ROSC (L/min: 3.97±0.40 vs. 3.02±0.32, 4.00±0.11 vs. 3.11±0.59, both 1 < 0.01), +dp/dt max at 3 hours and 6 hours was also significantly increased after ROSC [+dp/dt max (mmHg/s): 3 402.5±612.7 vs. 2 130.0±450.6, 3 857.5±510.4 vs. 2 562.5±633.9; -dp/dt max (mmHg/s): 2 935.0±753.2 vs. 1 732.5±513.6, 3 520.0±563.6 vs. 2 510.0±554.3, all 1 < 0.05], the cTnI was significantly decreased at 3 hours and 6 hours afher ROSC (μg/L: 1.39±0.40 vs. 3.24±0.78, 1.46±0.35 vs. 3.78±0.93, both 1 < 0.01). The left at 6 hours after ROSC in both groups was decreased as compared with that before CA. The LVEF in the mild hypothermia group was higher than that in the control group (0.52±0.04 vs. 0.40±0.05, 1 < 0.05). The mRNA expression of β1-AR, and concentrations of AC and cAMP in hypothermia group were significantly higher than those in control group [β1-AR mRNA (2-ΔΔCT): 1.18±0.39 vs. 0.55±0.17, AC (ng/L):197.0±10.5 vs. 162.0±6.3, cAMP (nmol/L): 1 310.58±48.82 vs. 891.25±64.95, all 1 < 0.05], GRK2 was lower than that in the control group (GRK2/GAPDH: 0.45±0.05 vs. 0.80±0.08, 1 < 0.05). Conclusion Mild hypothermia can reduce the degree of cardiac function injury after CPR, and its mechanism may be related to the reduction of impaired myocardial β-AR signaling after CPR.